Safety device in connection with mechanical time-fuses for artillery-projectiles.



A. JUNGHANS. SAFETY DEVICE 1N CONNEGTION WITH MECHANICAL TIME FUSES FOR ARTILLERY PROJEGTILBS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE s, 1913.

1,1 1 5,677, Patented Nov. 8, 1914,

s SHEETSSHEBT 1.

" I/VVENTORZ;

A. JUNGHANS. SAFETY DEVICE IN CONNECTION WITH MEGHANIOAL TIME FUSES FOR ARTILLERY PROJEGTILES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 5, 1,913. 7 1,1 1&6 P t n ed Nov. 3, 1914.

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SAFETY DEVICE IN CONNECTION WITH MECHANICAL TIME FUSES FOR ARTILLERY PROJEGTILES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 5,1913.

1,1 1 5,677, Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET G.

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a t a ty NITED sTArEs PATENTOFFICE.

' -ARTHUR JUNGHANS, F SCHRAMIBERG, GERMANY.

- SAFETY DE vIeE IN ooNNEoTIoN WITH MECHANICAL rrnvrnerusns roe ARTILLERY- PROJEGTILES.

- Speeiiicati'pn. of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

: Applicatlonfiled lune 5, 1913. Serial 0. 771,826.

To all'wl om it may c0ncem:. 1

' Be it known that 1-,.ARTHUR JUNGHANS;

pivy commercial councilor, a.subjectof the 'ng of VVurttem'berg; 'residingat. Sqhramberg, Wurttemberg,Germany,have invented new and useful Improvements in Safety Devices in Connection with Mechanical Time-Fuses for -Ai'till ery-Projectiles, of which the. following is a. specification.

.-.The" improvements relate to mechanical time-fuses-of that kind, wherein a firing pm is operated by the releaseof a firing pin retaining means, under the control .of, a timetrain (clock inechanismor the like), and aims t6. provide certain improvement s. therein. t I The invention resides in the means for eifeoting the; release of the firingpin retainin means, and in the means and dc,- 29. YiOQSQor. efiecting safeguards onthe operaj ionrof said releasing means..

'gilhe' invention further comprises means whereby adjustments may be made from the egterior-of a shell, for adapting the mechaior operation either upon impact or upon the elapse of a predetermined time.

1 Other features of improvement will appear hereinafter. i p

In the accompanying, drawings, the imt! provements are. shown in connection with a mechanical time-fuse. The special constructicn of the fuse may be ,otany suitable kind; the improvements may be applied with some slight constructivemodifications to all fiises,

gewherein the. release of a tensioned firing.

- is efi'eeted bya timertrain, which effects the releaseot the firing pin to'be unlocked for-the time being hymeans of a locking disk and a leaking lever cooperating there- .40 t

;Re ferr ing tothe various figures of the drawing, Figure l'is, an elevation with arts broken away. of the fuse showing the ockin disk-land lever coo crating therewith member than e) in the position of rest tie. radially inward; Fig. 2

is a plan yiew 9f the locking disk, the sa ety mem er being In the same position as shown Fi 3 showso ne half of. the lock s]: with the Safety member in the rel s' p'g position; Fig. 4 is a side elevation at; F1g. 5 shows the arts in the toll-position (for impact ignition); Figs.

in {ind 7 represent another embodiment of iii thesafety member (in the form of a lever) in. the positions corresponding to Figs. 2 and 3; Fig. 8 shows the-fuse mechanism with-the casing removed, and shows the two firing pins for shrapnel and grenade shot, and the locking mechanism; Fig. 9 is a plan view showing the intermediate locking mechanism; Fig. 9 Shows another position of the intermediate locking mechanism; Figs. 10 and 1'1 show 1 the lower part of the fuse with the firing pin for impact ignition (grenade) in aplan view and cross section respectively; Figs.

'12 and 13 show'the adjusting means for the twokinds of ignition (time'andimpact ignition) in the, central position, Fig. -12

' being a plan view and Fig. 13 across section;

Figs. 14 and 15 show the respective parts in similar views in the position for impact ignition; Figs. 16 and 17 show the parts in thejpjosition for time ignition.

A locking disk (Z is rotatably mounted in the upper part of the mechanism (Figs. 1

toil) and is adapted to be rotated by a timetrain or othcr suitable mechanism when this is set in operation hyr-the flight of the proa slot-d into which a lever f, when said slot .and lever are opposite, may fall. The lever f en ages a long" arm g of a lever g the a'lever havin arms It? and h en a' in the 'firing pin ijlfid the pin 7c controlling the slide Zwhicligoverns the action ofthe firing pin .11. Now in order that in the case of, anunintentional rotation of the disk (Z neither of the firing pins can'operateto ignite one of the percussion caps, the safety arrangement is sil'ch that, in the state of rest, the slot jectile. The locking disk 03 is provided with 0? of thelocking disk (I is kept permanently closed. The safety arrangement, according,

to-the construction shown in Figs. 15, comprises a part 6 adapted to move radially on the locking, disk (land he held in the lo'ckfall therein and release the lever g, which .ing position by a spring. When the prothereupon releases the lever k and. permits one or otherof the firing pins z' or n 'to act according to the setting of the control mechanism hereinafter described. 'The lever 15 held in vertical position by contact with the full edge of the disk (1, and itin turn holds the lever hf ,in vertical position,

1: hough the a a intermediary of the lever g. hen in-ve'rtical position the lever h" holds the firing pin elevated against the pressure of its spring 3' and holds the pin is against i i d vof-the time-train over plate'l, (Fig. 8).

a tated in both directions of rotationvduring adjustment It carries on its upper side the' slide 0 adapted against the, action 0 y I i slide e has aradially directed and down-" l ,awardly bentlug or projectionie and atan- 1 i In this position, the lug H intheqadjusting disk d which is adapted, ration ofthe adjusted time, to permit "the.

rising; and' consequently holds the slide Z against outward movement and consequent to move outwardly ,g'ent'ial lug or projection e directed downwardly over the periphery of the disk; both -1ugs-or projections are flushiwith the edge of the disk in the transport (inactive) positionof the slide no impediment to rotation in any direction; e covers the slot d" during the time 1gmtion,'and after the expiw I drop lever 1. which is pressed against the pel the. upper arm riphery o'f theadjusting disk (1!, to operate l to'bring about the ig inon'o the charge m '35 the shell. .If the slides pushed outwardly V (Fig. 3) in consequence of the centrifugal force produced by jectile,

the rotation of the prothe lug e uncovers the slot, so that f of the'lever f can drop into the slot after apredetermined degree of rotation of the disk d.j

I justment, the

disk is set for-impact adarm f being located between thelugs'e' e the'time train can then run If the adjusting the further movement of the time-train will be checked (F1g.-'5). According to the'honstruction shown in I Figs. '6 and 7, the safety Inember'is-nota" slide but a pivoted lever e", whicln'with" its projection 6" and 2- acts in the same manner as the'slide e with its lugs e, e.

f d of the adjusting The lever h is adapted to be released in two ways either"for time ignitionewhere the end f of the lever f drops into the slot disk and. thus releases the levers g and .h" (whereby the locking of a the pinibylthe arm impact ignitionwhere the. lever 'g, (which It by k is annulled) or-for is mounted with axial-play) advances during the impact and" thus directly releases the lever it, (whereby the locking of the pin the ann 71. is annulled).' In order that this axial advancement of the lever 9 cannot take place during transport and also not too 2" 7c (]3ig.; 12).v I such that when a locking member adapted; the adjustment for a spring. Thesaid' for time ignition, (Fig. 2) so that there is" slide i'na bore in the Pi only until thearm f bears agamstthe lug v e, whereby d) whereby the "arbitrary preferably provided position, clearly indicates her by means closely front of the gun, there is located between the lever g and the plate alocking lever 1", which is so formed, that it is onl 08-- cillatedinto the free position by centri gal force. It is held in the locking position by the pro ection s. which is rotated from the timetrain in the direction of the arrow Fig. 9,

so that the lever m can wcillate outwardly and thus release the impact pin la'only after covering a. certain distance, The two pins i, k are secured in the transport state by centrifugal'dogs The arrangement is 'alSQ to prevent a change of the time of flight, etc., locking position, of ignition will also be effected.

A holding r supporting lever 9 adapted to be adjusted laterally by being rotated out of a central position serves as an internal setting member. The said lever q, according is thrown into the to its adjustment to adapted to secure either the firing pin 1'.

or'the locking pin 10' for impact ignition. ,When securing one pin, the other pin is of course released and vice versa, so that. for example, of the drawings (where the to the right) show the setting'the mechanism for'impact ignition in consequence-of the securing of the firing-pin e' and the re-- lease of the locking-pin is In the outer flange t of the fuse-body, a pin 2, which has a square outer end and carries on its inner end an eccentric-pin a, which engages in a slot of the holding or supporting lever g; In ap-. proximately the middle of its length, the pin 2 has a further eccentric portion 2- in which adapted to head 2 on its bears a locking pin 2* axis of the projectile.

e lies underneath, the fiat,.spr1ng 2, (which is inserted in a suitable recess or depression) and has a-point-Te, which, pressed upwardly by the portion 2 of the pin 2, is adapted to penetrate into the edge portion Z ofthe cap which serves for the adjustment at the time-mechanism (2'. e. disk rbtati'on of the said cap is prevented. On the outside of the rotary pin 2, there is an index. X, which, when the locking members is'disengaged and the supporting-lever the position of rest and. central position respectively of the parts by its upright position (Fig? 1). The rotation of the pin 2 to ell against longitudinal'movement- Figs. Hand 15 lever g isturned there is mounted The upper end this eat the locking of :the cap and alsothe adjustment oithe ignithe adjustment of the kind I the right or left, is 7 when e no is in the central] tion-areeiiected in a simple and quick inanv of a key fitting upon the square head, 2 of the pin, the setting for time-ignition (Figs. 1 6 and 17) or impact-' ignition (Figs. 14, depending on the sad slot for operating said lock, and a turning of the key either to the left or right. springcontrolled rotatable safety lever In both cases, however, no matter whether which normally closes said slot in said disk, the pine is turned to the right or left, the and is adapted to uncover said slot under 5 pin '2 will be lifted by the eccentric a and the action of centrifugal force due to rotathe point 2 of the flat spring 2 will thus tion of the rojectile.

be pressed into the cap, whereby the arbi- 4. In mec anical time-fuses, the combinatrary rotation of the latter will be prevent tion of two firing pins, one for time firing ed. By means of the spring 2 the pins 2 and the other for impact firing, a lock for 10 Will be held pressed against the eccentric said firing pins, means controlling the action portion 2 whereby the pin a, the frictional of said lock, and means adapted to lock one engagement of which is such that it can or the other of said firing pins against rehardly be turned without a key, is comlease by said first-named lock. pletely secured against any displacement 5. In mechanical timerfuses, the combina- 15 during the flight of the projectile. tion of two firing pins, one for time firing It is obvious that both in connection with and the other for impact firing, a lock for the adjustment for the time ignition and said firing pins, means controlling the act-ion a for the impact ignition e. in both cases, of said lock, and a lever adapted to be the locking member is moved, to locking turned to lock one orthe other of said firing 20 position for preventing changes of the posipins against release by said first-named lock. tion of the locked parts, while, when the In mechanical time-fuses, the combinaparts are in the central position (Figs. 12 tion of two firing pins, one for time firing and -13) the locking member is in the reand the other for impact firing, a lock for lease position. said firing pins, time-means for controlling 25 A' simple beveling may be provided inthe action of said lock, means for adjusting stead of the eccentric portion 2 whereby the action of said time-means on said lock, the full part of the pm 2 would produce means adapted to lock one or the other of the eccentric efi'ect. In the latter case, howsaid firing pins against release by said firstever, it would be necessary to prevent, by named lock, and means operated by said 80- means of a screw or the like, the pin from second named locking means for locking flying out in consequence of the centrifugal said ad usting means againstoperation. force. s 7. In mechanical time-fuses, the combina- I claim tion of two firing pins, one for time firing 1. In mechanical time-fuses, the combinaand" the other for impact firing, a lock for 35 tion of a firing pin, a lock'therefor, a rotasaid firing pins, time-means for controlling table disk for controlling the action ofsaid the action of said lock, means for adjusting lock, and centrifugally operated means on the action of said time-means on said lock, said disk for controlling the action of said a leveradapted to be turned to lock one or dislron said look. I the other of said firing-pins against release Qiihihchanical time-fuses, the'combinaby saidfirst-named lock, an eccentric pin tion 'of la ring in, a lock therefor and adapted to operate said lever, and a pin opmeans for controling the action of sai lock, erated by said eccentric pin, adapted to lock i 1 comprising a rotatable disk havsaid adjusting means against operation upon ingja slot" means cooperating with turning of said eccentric pin to operate said slot fonoperating saidi lock, and cm: said lever to lock one or the other of said trifugally operated means on said disk confiring pinst trolling the'icoiiperationof said means and In witness whereof, I have hereunto 1 00 slotrf j' f signed my name in the'presence of two sub- 8: Iii-mechanical time-fuses, the combinasCribiIl'gWitnesse's: tionfofa firin pin, a lock therefor, and' ARTHUR JUN GHANS. meansfor controlling the action of said'lock, Witnesses: said means comprising a rotatable disk hav- Forum T. Msr'sns, 21 S1. li means coiiperating with PAULINE I 

